Cooling Tower is a device that uses the contact between air and water to exchange heat, thereby lowering the water temperature. Its working principle is based on two basic physical processes: evaporation and conduction.
First, the water in the Cooling Tower is sent to the top of the tower by a water pump, and is evenly scattered on the filler through a water distributor to form a water film or drop shape. This part of water fully contacts the air on the surface of the filler to complete heat exchange. During the evaporation process of water, it needs to absorb heat. This part of the heat comes directly from the heat in the water, thus lowering the water temperature.
At the same time, during the flow process, the air takes away heat through contact with the water film or droplets of water. This process relies on conduction and convection mechanisms. When hot air passes through the filler, the heat is absorbed by the water film or droplets on the filler, and the air temperature decreases accordingly.
In addition, the top of the Cooling Tower is usually equipped with a fan to provide power for air movement. The faster the air flow rate, the larger the contact area with the water film or water droplets, and the more complete the heat exchange will be. The design of this fan also ensures that the Cooling Tower has a certain heat dissipation capacity and can maintain a certain cooling effect even under conditions of high ambient temperature.
It is also worth noting that the water temperature in the Cooling Tower will be affected by many factors, such as water temperature, water volume, air flow, etc. In order to achieve the ideal cooling effect, these parameters need to be adjusted appropriately. For example, corresponding adjustments are made to the lift and flow control of the water pump to ensure that water can be evenly distributed on the filler; at the same time, the fan speed and air flow are adjusted according to the ambient temperature and heat dissipation needs.
In general, the basic working principle of Cooling Tower is to use evaporation and conduction mechanisms to exchange heat through the contact between air and water, thereby achieving the purpose of lowering the water temperature. Such devices are widely used in industrial and air conditioning systems to control the temperature of equipment and the environment.
